Building foundations of high-rise buildings and things to note.

28/01/2022 09:29 158 views Category: ARCHITECTURAL BUILDING

Foundation is the most important element in the design of a house. It determines the certainty of the house, especially for high-rise buildings. For these kinds of building, the foundation must be meticulously designed to avoid unfortunate mistakes. You must carefully study the ground of construction site to choose a suitable and safe foundation, because these days, with the development of all aspects of architecture, house foundation has also become more diverse.

  1. The role of house foundation

The foundation of a house is one of the most important factors to keep in mind when building a house. It is responsible for carrying entire house, ensuring that the building can withstand the gravity on each floor. Depending on carrying capacity and height of the building, a suitable and safe foundation will be used. For small and low-rise housing projects such as townhouses or villas, the foundation is not too complicated, except for the works located on the land with soft ground.

  1. Types of foundation for high-rise buildings

Natural foundation: This is a pre-formed foundation in nature that does not need to do anything and the carrying capacity of this type is very weak, only suitable for cottage designs that do not have to bear a lot of load. It is confirmed that it cannot be used for the design of high-rise buildings.

Single foundation: Are separate pillars or separate columns forming a cluster of columns, having good supporting and bearing force. And when it comes to costs, single foundations are the least expensive of all. It is only used in the renovation of small houses, not in the construction of foundation for high-rise buildings.

Ice foundation: Designed in long strips or intersecting in the shape of a cross, for ice foundations, the load bearing will be evenly divided so that the foundation is more solid. For construction, it will be much easier than a single foundation.

Raft foundation: Spread under the whole building to help reduce pressure of building on the ground, this is a type of foundation used mainly in areas with weak, soft and poor resistance ground.

Pile foundation: A type of foundation that includes both pile caps and piles, the load of building will be transmitted to the hardest rock layer by the pile system. In the past, people used bamboo as pile foundation, but in modern times, it is replaced with extremely solid reinforcement materials.

  1. Notes when constructing the foundation of high-rise buildings

First: Geological Survey

This is an important work affects the layout as well as choice of design plan for 2-storey and 3-storey foundation structure of the house. All construction stages of load calculation are based on this actual geology.

Single foundation: Has the lowest load capacity among 4 types of foundations, only suitable for yards, gates which do not bear as much load as the house, suitable for hard soil without settlement.

Ice foundation:

Load capacity less than 30 tons.

Suitable for hard soil.

No condition for pressing piles such as roads over 3m wide.

Suitable for houses with 2-3 floors, floor area is not too high above 150m2.

Pile foundation: This foundation is deep, so it has a good load-bearing capacity of over 30 tons, suitable for soft soil prone to subsidence near rivers, ponds, lakes, canals,…. Construction conditions allow the road to be over 3m wide and ground width over 3m.

Raft foundation: In the form of shallow foundation like ice foundation, which is linked together, and its load capacity is better than ice foundation, suitable for townhouses with a large area of over 120m2.

Second: Choose the right design and construction plan

The foundation design plan will be calculated after the specific construction geological survey at each construction time of every family. If to sort low cost to ascending would be as follows:

Single foundation accounts for 20% of the construction area.

Ice foundation accounts for 50% of the construction area.

Pile foundation calculates 40% of the construction area but the cost of pile pressing is calculated separately.

The highest cost – raft foundation calculates 100% of the construction area.

After the geological survey and the foundation design option has been selected, the construction stage must be carefully prepared and constructed according to the design to ensure the load for the structure of entire work.

Third: Choose good construction materials, ensure the quality of the work

Choosing good materials is not difficult, but there are now many different sources of materials and prices, homeowners should research first. Choosing materials to ensure a stronger and more durable house depends not only on the selection of interior furniture but also on the materials that form a house such as sand, cement, brick….

One of the important foundation materials is cement.

Not everyone knows the great and important role of cement. So what is the role of cement? The most important use of cement is to create mortar and concrete. It is a strong adhesive that binds all other components together and is resistant to environmental influences.

Therefore, the choice of cement is very important. How to choose high-quality cement, help your building be durable and certainly is the concern of many families.

Products of Long Son Cement

  • Long Son Cement PCB 30, with high fineness, helps early development strength. At the same time, it has a high water retaining capacity, which enhances the plasticity of concrete and plaster, making the finishing stage easier, without causing cracks in the plasterwork of the building.
  • Product PCB 40 is resistant to sulfate cavitation, which is more beneficial for the construction of underground works, water surface & saline areas. On the other hand, the heat emission during construction is low, which is convenient for the construction of large concrete blocks. Long Son Cement PCB 40 is suitable for concrete pouring of roofs, beams and columns with high durability.
  • Industrial bulk cement of Long Son Cement Plant is specially designed for large-scale infrastructure projects. Bulk cement has high residual marks and is stable in quality, comply with Vietnam quality standard TCVN 6260:2009 and international standard ASTM C 1157-02 Type GU or EN 197-1 : 2000 type CEM II/A-M 42.5R

If you are about to build a project, even though you choose a construction company to help you with the calculations, you should still learn carefully about construction materials to ensure a beautiful, safe and economical building.

 

 

 

 

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